Cast in Stone

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• Holloway, Jane
  British businesswoman, philanthropist, and the inspiration behind the founding of a women's college at Royal Holloway in London in the nineteenth century.
• Holloway, Thomas
  British patent medicine vendor and philanthropist in the nineteenth century.
• Hook, Walter Farquhar
  English cleric and Dean of Chichester. Hook's maternal grandfather, Sir Walter Farquhar MD (1738 - 1819), has been tentatively identified as an absentee slave-owner of estates in Jamaica by Legacies of British Slavery.
• Hope, John, 4th Earl of Hopetoun
  British Army officer in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Hope was involved in the suppression of Fédon's rebellion in Grenada in 1796, as well as the British capture of the French and Spanish West Indies. His son John Hope, 5th Earl of Hopetoun (1803-1843) unsuccessfully tried to claim slavery compensation as executor of the Blackness estate in Jamaica.
• Houdon, Jean-Antoine
  French sculptor in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.
• Hughes, John
  Irish sculptor in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
• Hughes, Thomas
  English lawyer, judge, politician and author in the nineteenth century. Hughes's novel Tom Brown’s School Days (1857), a recollection of his time at Rugby and the experience of young men in the world of the British public school, was one of the foundational works of the Muscular Christianity philosophical movement. The emphasis Muscular Christianity placed on the importance of physical exercise and Christian instruction was highly influential to the culture of public schools in the Victorian era, many of whom would train young men for future colonial service overseas.
• Huskisson, William
  President of the Board of Trade (1823-1827) and Secretary of State for War and the Colonies (1827-1828).
• Huxley-Jones, Thomas Bayliss
  British sculptor born in South Africa and active in the twentieth century.
• Ingram, Herbert
  British politician, journalist, and the founder of The Illustrated London News, which covered a number of events throughout the British Empire during the nineteenth century and beyond.
• Ingram, Walter Rowlands
  British sculptor in the nineteenth century.
• Iqbal Wahhab
  Bangladeshi-British businessman and community heritage activist
• Isaacs, Rufus, 1st Marquess of Reading
  Viceroy and Governor-General of India (1921-1926).
• Iyapo, Bandele
• Jackson, Philip
  Scottish sculptor
• Jagger, Charles Sargeant
  British sculptor active in the twentieth century. Some of his notable colonial works include the statues of Charles Hardinge and King George V in New Delhi, both of which are now located in Coronation Park, and the statue of Rufus Isaacs, which was repatriated to the UK in 1969 and re-erected in 1971.
• James II
  King of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 1685 to 1688. James II was governor of the Royal African Company and its largest shareholder.
• James MacArdell
  Irish engraver and printmaker in the eighteenth century.
• Jennings, Martin
  British sculptor
• Jenrick, Robert
  Secretary of State for Housing, Communities and Local Government (July 2019-September 2021)
• Jerningham, Annie
  British philanthropist in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Her first husband was Charles Mather of Longridge Towers, Berwick-upon-Tweed. She later remarried to Hubert Jerningham (1842-1914), a British colonial administrator. The origins of Charles Mather's wealth are unclear at present. Legacies of British Slavery has recorded a slavery compensation claim from a James Mather of South Shields (1799-1873), but there is no evidence currently connecting Charles to this family.
• Jerningham, Hubert
  British politician and colonial administrator in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Jerningham was Governor of Mauritius from 1892 to 1897 and Governor of Trinidad and Tobago from 1897 to 1900. His great-grandfather was Nathaniel Middleton (1750–1807), an East Indian Company civil servant, who married Ann Frances Morse (1758–1823), who was the mixed-race daughter of Jamaican slave-owner and attorney John Morse (died 1781).
• John, Augustus
  Welsh painter in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
• John, William Goscombe
  Welsh sculptor in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Some of his notable colonial works include the equestrian statue of Garnet Wolseley in London, the equestrian statue of Gilbert Elliot Murray in Barrackpore, and the equestrian statue of Stanley Maude in Baghdad, the latter of which was toppled by Iraqi protestors in the late 1950s.
• Johnson, Boris
  Prime Minster of the United Kingdom (2019-2022)
• Jones, Adrian
  British painter, sculptor and military veterinarian. Between 1867 and 1890, Jones served in several colonial conflicts in Ethiopia, Ireland, South Africa and Egypt.
• Jones, Alfred Lewis
  Welsh colonial businessman and ship-owner in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. During his life, Jones achieved a dominant position in the colonial shipping trade, as well as accruing many other landholdings and business investments. His career started, aged twelve, as an apprentice in the African Steamship Company in Liverpool in 1857. Jones had become a manager of the company in 1871 and began to expand his colonial investments in West Africa, particularly through his work with Elder, Dempster & Co.. By the 1890s, Jones had secured a vast business portfolio in the region, including shipping, landholdings, banking, and mining. He founded the Bank of British West Africa and the Liverpool Institute of Tropical Medicine in this period. Jones also opened up new commercial connections between West Africa and the Caribbean, serving as the inaugural President of the British Cotton Growing Association from 1902. Jones' colonial wealth was achieved through considerable violence, cruelty, and labour exploitation in Africa, as his close relationship to King Leopold II exemplifies. In 1891, for instance, Jones sponsored May French Sheldon to take a company trip to the Congo in order to downplay the extensive human rights abuses that were taking place in the colony.
• Jones, Francis William Doyle
  British sculptor in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
• Kekewich, George William
  Member of Parliament for Exeter (1906-1910). His father, Samuel Trehawke Kekewich (1796 - 1873) received compensation for enslaved people on the Hope Vale estate in Grenada, as trustee of marriage settlement of William James D'Urban and Mary Elizabeth Stewart Mitchell. His nephew, Robert Kekewich (1854-1914) was a soldier who fought in the Second Boer War among other colonial conflicts.
• Kennaway, John, 3rd Baronet
  Member of Parliament for East Devon (1870-1885) and Honiton (1885-1910).
• Khan, Sadiq
  Mayor of London (2016-)
• Kingsley, Charles
  British clergyman, historian and novelist in the nineteenth century. Kingsley came from a family with ties to British slave-ownership in the Caribbean. His maternal grandfather, Nathan Lucas (1761-1828), was a slave-owner who owned estates in Barbados and Guiana. This personal relationship to the legacies of chattel slavery extended into Kingsley's own life, as evidenced by his support for the Confederacy during the American Civil War, or indeed his involvement in the Eyre Defence Committee in 1865 in defence of Governor Eyre's brutal repression of the Morant Bay rebellion in Jamaica. Kingsley also recorded his travel experiences in the Caribbean in the work At Last: A Christmas in the West Indies (1871).
• Kinloch, George
  Scottish slave-owner and politician. Kinloch owned the Grange estate in Jamaica between 1795 and 1803 and was Member of Parliament for Dundee from 1832 to 1833.
• Kirby, Éilis
• Kitchener, Horatio
  Senior British Army officer and colonial administrator in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Kitchener served as Sirdar of the Egyptian Army (1892-1899), Governor General of the Sudan (1899), Commander-in-Chief of British Forces in South Africa (1900-1902), Commander-in-Chief, India (1902-1909), British Consul-General in Egypt (1911-1914), and Secretary of State for War (1914-1916). Kitchener's colonial legacy has been defined, above all, by his decision to use concentration camps against Boer and black African civilians during the Second Boer War (1899-1902), with over 150,000 people interned in British camps across South Africa. An estimated 28,000 Boers and 20,000 black Africans died in these camps during the conflict.
• Laird, John
  British shipbuilder and Member of Parliament for Birkenhead (1861-1874). The Laird family had a number of links to slavery and colonialism, as well as to the Confederate States of America. John Laird's father, William Laird (1780-1841), was a Glaswegian merchant and ropemaker who developed the Birkenhead Iron Works opposite Liverpool in the 1820s for ship construction. Direct links between Laird and slave-ownership / slave-trading have not been fully traced, but Glasgow and Liverpool were major British slave-trading ports and it is possible Laird would have supplied slave ships with ropes. John Laird's brother, Macgregor Laird (1808-1861), was a merchant involved in early efforts to open up colonial trade on the River Niger in West Africa. Macgregor financed Richard Lander (1804-1834; see also separate database entry) to undertake an expedition to the region in 1832. During the American Civil War, John Laird Sons & Company built four ships for the Confederate States Navy, which was fighting to preserve the institution of slavery in the United States, in violation of Britain's official policy of neutrality during the war. Two Laird-built ships, CSS Alabama and CSS Lark, were successfully delivered to the Confederacy. The other two ships, El Tousson and El Monassir (renamed HMS Wivern), were seized by the British government in 1863. The US government later brought legal action against the UK for damages caused by these ships, known as the Alabama Claims. John Laird Sons & Company (today operating under the name Cammell Laird) built a number of ships that saw service in the British Empire, such as HMS Birkenhead (1845), HMS Orontes (1862) and HMS Euphrates (1866).
• Lake, Cleo
  Lord Mayor of Bristol (2018-2019)
• Lambert, George, 1st Viscount Lambert
  Member of Parliament for South Molton (1891-1924; 1929-1945).
• Lander, Richard
  British colonial explorer in West Africa in the early nineteenth century. At the age of 13, Lander traveled to the Caribbean with a merchant and spent a brief year living in San Domingo (today Haiti and the Dominica Republic) from 1817 to 1818. He later accompanied Major W. M. G. Colebrooke on an expedition to Cape Colony in 1823, and Scottish explorer Hugh Clapperton on an expedition to West Africa from 1825 to 1827. Lander made two more travels to West Africa from 1830 to 1831 and from 1832 to 1834, where he died after being attacked by indigenous people. Lander's final travels in 1832 was financed by Liverpool merchants led by Macgregor Laird (see also the database entry for John Laird), meaning that that there is a very strong likelihood that slavery-derived wealth provided the resources to undertake this expedition to Africa. Lander briefly worked in a customs office in Liverpool from 1831-1832 and would have built up contacts in the city from this position.
• Landon, Perceval
  British writer, traveller, and journalist in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
• Landseer, Edwin Henry
  English painter and sculptor in the nineteenth century.
• Lawlor, John
  Irish sculptor active in the nineteenth century.
• Lawrence, John
  British Viceroy and Governor-General of India (1864-1869).
• Lawson, George Anderson
  British sculptor in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
• Lawson, Wilfrid, 2nd Baronet
  English radical and anti-imperialist Liberal Party politician in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
• Lee, William
  Enslaved African American who was owned by and worked for George Washington in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. As Washington's personal manservant during the American Revolutionary War, William Lee was a prominent figure who appears in several contemporary paintings alongside Washington. His wife was Margaret Thomas Lee, a free Black woman and domestic who also worked for Washington. William Lee was freed outright by Washington's will in 1799 and died at Mount Vernon in 1810.
• Leighton, Frederic
  British painter, draughtsman, and sculptor in the nineteenth century. His sculpture An Athlete Wrestling With a Python (1877) was one of the inaugural works of the New Sculpture movement in Britain.
• Lever, William, 1st Viscount Leverhulme
  English industrialist, philanthropist, and politician in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Lever's wealth was generated principally through the manufacture and sale of soap and cleaning products. In the early twentieth century, Lever Brothers developed a number of colonial plantations in the Belgian Congo and the Solomon Islands, operated by subsidiary firms called Huileries du Congo Belge and Lever’s Pacific Plantations Limited, to provide the raw materials for manufacturing soap.
• Lewis, Edmonia
  American sculptor of mixed African-American and Native American (Mississauga Ojibwe) heritage in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Lewis worked for many years in Rome and lived in Paris and London in her later life. She is buried in St. Mary's Catholic Cemetery in Kensal Green. Although the majority of her works are currently located in the United States, there are two pieces by Lewis in the United Kingdom: a bust of Christ at Mount Stuart in Scotland and a bust of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow at the Walker Art Gallery in Liverpool.
• Lewis, George Cornewall
  British Home Secretary (1859-1861) and Secretary of State for War (1861-1863) during the American Civil War. Lewis's maternal grandfather, Sir George Cornewall 2nd Bart. (1748-1819) was the absentee slave-owner of the La Taste estate in Grenada. Sir George Cornewall 3rd Bart. (1774-1835), Lewis' uncle, inherited the estates and was awarded compensation for enslaved people after abolition.