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United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
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George III
King of Great Britain and Ireland (1760-1820) -
George IV
King of the United Kingdom and Hanover (1820-1830) -
George V
King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India (1910-1936) -
George VI
King of the United Kingdom (1936 to 1952) and Emperor of India (1936-1948) -
Gibson, John
Welsh sculptor active in the nineteenth century. One of his most important patrons was the slave-owner and West Indian merchant Henry Robertson Sandbach, who was awarded slavery compensation for several estates in Guiana after abolition. Gibson produced a number of works for the Sandbach family, including a monument to Margaret Sandbach, a relief titled Suffer the Little Children to Come Unto Me, and two portraits of William Robertson and Sara Maria Sandbach. Another of Gibson's patrons was the slave-owner and politician George Watson Taylor MP, who commissioned a number of works from Gibson including a bust of William Roscoe, six family busts, and statues of Paris and a nymph. -
Gilbert, Alfred
British sculptor in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. -
Gladstone, William Ewart
Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1868-1874; 1880-1885; 1886; 1892-1894). Gladstone's father, John Gladstone (1764-1851) was one of the largest and wealthiest British absentee slave-owners in the Caribbean, owning several estates in both Guiana and Jamaica. Although William Ewart Gladstone did not claim slavery compensation himself, he supported compensation payouts for slave-owners (including aiding his father in making his own claims), the apprenticeship system, and the West India interest over issues such as sugar duties. Gladstone's position on slavery did change over time, however, and he gradually became more critical towards the institution. His changing relationship on the matter should be seen in the wider context of Victorian Britain's self-representation as an "anti-slavery nation", and its attendant erasure of the legacies of British slavery in the Caribbean. In 2023, several of Gladstone's descendants traveled to Guiana to formally apologise for the family's involvement in slave-ownership and committed to paying reparations in response. In addition to his own complex relationship to transatlantic slavery, Gladstone's time in office was also shaped by the period of New Imperialism, which saw unprecedented European colonial expansion in Africa and Asia. Although Gladstone and the Liberal Party were known for their opposition to imperialism generally, his premiership involved the British takeover of Egypt in 1882. -
Gleichen, Feodora
British sculptor in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. -
Gordon, Charles George
British army officer and colonial administrator. Gordon was Governor-General of the Sudan from 1877 to 1879 and 1884 to 1885. Gordon's death in 1885 during the nationalist revolt in Sudan, led by the Sudanese religious and political leader Muhammad Ahmad, immortalised him as the archetypal colonial hero in Victorian society. George William Joy's famous painting, The Death of General Gordon (1893), presented Gordon as a stern martyr figure making his "last stand" against empire's racialised and infrahuman others. The cult of Gordon took several artistic forms, including bronze statues by Hamo Thornycroft and Edward Onslow Ford, and indeed outlasted the Victorians, as the films The Four Feathers (1939) and Khartoum (1966) exemplify. Lytton Strachey satirised the hero-worship around Gordon in his work Eminent Victorians (1918), sardonically describing the aftermath of the revolt with the words "At any rate, it had all ended very happily—in a glorious slaughter of 20,000 Arabs, a vast addition to the British Empire, and a step in the Peerage for Sir Evelyn Baring". -
Gough, Hugh, 1st Viscount Gough
British Army officer in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Gough fought in a number of imperial conflicts across the globe, including in the Caribbean, China, and India. He was Commander-in-Chief in China during the First Opium War (1839-1842) and later Commander-in-Chief in India from 1843 to 1849. -
Green, Richard
British shipowner and philanthropist in the nineteenth century. The family firm Green, Wigram, & Green were involved in constructing East Indiamen for the East India Company. -
Guest, Hector Scottish sculptor
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Guy, Thomas
British slave-trade investor, bookseller, politician, and founder of Guy's Hospital. Much of Guy's wealth was made through his investments in the South Sea Company, which was involved in the transatlantic slave-trade from 1713 onwards. He founded Guy's Hospital in 1721. -
Haig, Douglas, 1st Earl Haig
British military officer who served in India, Sudan, South Africa and Europe. -
Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, Frederick Temple
British public servant and colonial administrator in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. He was Governor-General of Canada (1872-1878) and Viceroy and Governor-General of India (1884-1888). -
Hampton, Herbert British sculptor in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Some of his notable colonial works include the busts of Guy Fleetwood Wilson and John Jenkins in Old Delhi, which are now located in Coronation Park.
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Haque, Nurul Bangladeshi-British politician and community leader; first Bangladeshi councillor in the UK. Denied membership by the Labour Party, he contested elections as part of the People's Alliance of East London, and took his seat in Tower Hamlets Council in 1982 as an Independent member.
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Hardiman, Alfred Frank English sculptor active in the twentieth century. Hardiman produced a bust of Cecil Rhodes for Rhodes House in Oxford.
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Harding, John, 1st Baron Harding of Petherton
British Army officer and colonial administrator. Harding served in several twentieth century conflicts, including the First World War, the Second World War, and the Malayan Emergency. As Chief of the Imperial General Staff from 1952 to 1955, Harding advising the British government during the Mau Mau rebellion, before going on to serve as the Governor of Cyprus from 1955 to 1957 during the Cyprus Emergency. -
Hardinge, Henry, 1st Viscount Hardinge
British soldier, politician and colonial administrator. Hardinge was Governor-General of India from 1844 to 1848. -
Harland, Edward James
Prominent English shipbuilder and politician in Ireland in the second half of the nineteenth century. Harland co-founded the shipping company Harland & Wolff with Gustav Wilhelm Wolff in 1861. Harland later served as Mayor of Belfast (1889-1886) and Member of Parliament for Belfast North (1889-1895). Harland & Wolff was actively involved in supporting Britain's maritime empire with ship-building yards across the UK. During the American Civil War (1861-1865), Harland & Wolff also received orders for steamers from the Confederate States of America, although whether these orders were actually carried out has not yet been established. -
Harris, Arthur
Colonial air-force officer and Marshal of the Royal Air Force (RAF) during the Second World War. Harris was the son of George Steel Travers Harris, an Indian Civil Service officer, and spent his early adult years in Rhodesia before fighting in Africa and Europe during the First World War. During the interwar years Harris served with the RAF in India, Iraq, Iran, Palestine and Jordan, where he helped to suppress anti-colonial revolts as well as develop new area bombing techniques. After leading RAF Bomber Command in the Allies' bombing campaign against Nazi Germany in the Second World War, Harris moved to South Africa to briefly manage the South African Marine Corporation, before finally returning to the UK in 1953. -
Harryhausen, Ray American-British animator and special effects creator in the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. Harryhausen produced the statue of David Livingstone in Blantyre alongside Irish artist Gareth Knowles.
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Hartwell, Charles Leonard English sculptor in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Some of his notable colonial works include the memorial to Admiral Arthur Phillip in London, the Boer War memorial in Brighton, and the statue of Robert Sandilands Frowd Walker in Perak, Malaysia.
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Havelock, Henry
British Army general in the nineteenth century who fought in Burma, Afghanistan, Iran and India. -
Hems, Harry
British sculptor in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. -
Herbert, George, 13th Earl of Pembroke
Under-Secretary of State for War (1874-1875) -
Herbert, John, 8th Earl of Powis British aristocrat
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Herbert, Sidney, 1st Baron Herbert of Lea
Secretary of State for the Colonies (1855) and Secretary of State for War (1859-1861). -
Herriot, Alan Beattie Scottish sculptor
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Heywood, Oliver
British banker in the nineteenth century. The Heywoods family had investments in the transatlantic slave-trade. -
Hibbert, George
West Indian slave-owner, merchant, collector and philanthropist in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Hibbert was one of the founding figures behind the West India Docks in London as well as the Royal National Lifeboat Institution. -
Hill, Rowland, 2nd Viscount Hill
British politician in the nineteenth century. -
Hillary, William
British absentee slave-owner in Jamaica and philanthropist in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Hillary was the founder of the Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) in 1824. Hillary's connections to figures across Britain’s maritime imperial economy, including politicians, merchants, slave-traders and slave-owners, were important in securing the financial backing needed for the creation of the charity. Some of the charity’s first patrons included figures such as George Hibbert who owed their riches to British slavery. -
Hogg, Alice
Alice Anna Hogg (née Graham), born in Bombay (Mumbai) in 1846, was the daughter of William Graham (1817-1885), a Scottish politician, East India merchant, cotton manufacturer, and port shipper. In 1871, she married Quintin Hogg (1845-1903), who was a colonial merchant and philanthropist involved in sugar production in British Guiana. -
Hogg, Quintin
British colonial merchant and philanthropist in the nineteenth century. Hogg was the seventh son of James Weir Hogg (1790–1876), who was twice Chairman of the East India Company. He was also the brother-in-law of Charles McGarel (1788 - 1876), a former slave-owner in British Guiana, through his sister Mary Hogg (1829 - 1913). In 1864, Hogg entered McGarel's sugar merchant firm of Bosanquet, Curtis & Co. and was involved in managing colonial sugar production in Demerara, British Guiana. -
Holland, Sam
British sculptor -
Hollins, Peter
English sculptor in the nineteenth century. -
Holloway, Jane
British businesswoman, philanthropist, and the inspiration behind the founding of a women's college at Royal Holloway in London in the nineteenth century. -
Holloway, Thomas
British patent medicine vendor and philanthropist in the nineteenth century. -
Hook, Walter Farquhar
English cleric and Dean of Chichester. Hook's maternal grandfather, Sir Walter Farquhar MD (1738 - 1819), has been tentatively identified as an absentee slave-owner of estates in Jamaica by Legacies of British Slavery. -
Hope, John, 4th Earl of Hopetoun
British Army officer in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Hope was involved in the suppression of Fédon's rebellion in Grenada in 1796, as well as the British capture of the French and Spanish West Indies. His son John Hope, 5th Earl of Hopetoun (1803-1843) unsuccessfully tried to claim slavery compensation as executor of the Blackness estate in Jamaica. -
Hughes, Thomas
English lawyer, judge, politician and author in the nineteenth century. Hughes's novel Tom Brown’s School Days (1857), a recollection of his time at Rugby and the experience of young men in the world of the British public school, was one of the foundational works of the Muscular Christianity philosophical movement. The emphasis Muscular Christianity placed on the importance of physical exercise and Christian instruction was highly influential to the culture of public schools in the Victorian era, many of whom would train young men for future colonial service overseas. -
Huskisson, William
President of the Board of Trade (1823-1827) and Secretary of State for War and the Colonies (1827-1828). -
Huxley-Jones, Thomas Bayliss British sculptor born in South Africa and active in the twentieth century.
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Ingram, Herbert
British politician, journalist, and the founder of The Illustrated London News, which covered a number of events throughout the British Empire during the nineteenth century and beyond. -
Ingram, Walter Rowlands British sculptor in the nineteenth century.
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Isaacs, Rufus, 1st Marquess of Reading
Viceroy and Governor-General of India (1921-1926). -
Jackson, Philip Scottish sculptor
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Jagger, Charles Sargeant British sculptor active in the twentieth century. Some of his notable colonial works include the statues of Charles Hardinge and King George V in New Delhi, both of which are now located in Coronation Park, and the statue of Rufus Isaacs, which was repatriated to the UK in 1969 and re-erected in 1971.